Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Sulphonylureas (SU) are an effective therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). As insulin secretagogues, hypoglycemia is a potencial adverse effect. Hypoglycemia may cause neuroglycopenic brain injury, which can mimetize stroke and infections of the central nervous system. Case ReportThe authors report the case of an autonomous 71 year-old woman, with medical history of hypertension and T2DM, treated with enalapril and gliclazide, that was admitted in the Emergency Roo...

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are health problems with infected individuals frequently manifesting some abnormalities including significant weight loss. This has been associated withtumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1β production by circulating mononuclear white blood cells in patients with HIV infection andaltered metabolism due to cytokine dysregulation and metabolic demands of antir...

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are health problems with infected individuals frequently manifesting some abnormalities including significant weight loss. This has been associated withtumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1β production by circulating mononuclear white blood cells in patients with HIV infection andaltered metabolism due to cytokine dysregulation and metabolic demands of antir...

Introduction: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a rare cause of Diabetes Mellitus (<5%), resulting from autosomal dominant monogenic defects.NEUROD1 gene is expressed in pancreatic and neuronal cells, being associated with MODY type 6. Mutations in NEUROD1 gene are reported in 20 families worldwide to date. Heterozygous variant c.616C>A, p.(His206Asn) has never been described.Case Report: The authors report a c...

Introduction: Graves disease (GD) is a frequent cause of primary hyperthyroidism and often presents with weight loss. Weight gain beyond the premorbid state is often reported and could be a challenge during patient’s management. Treatment modalities, disease remission and biochemical parameters at the diagnosis have been described as predictors of weight changes in patients with GD. Objectives: To evaluate the determinants of weight changes in GD tr...

Introduction: Parathyroid Carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms, accounting for less than 1% of primary hyperparathyroidism cases. Apart from certain genetic mutations, no additional risk factors are known. Diagnosis is challenging in the absence of metastatic disease since no consensual histological criteria have so far been developed. These neoplasms typically present with severe hypercalcemia and markedly elevated serum PTH levels. Treatment is surgical and despite freque...

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a rare disease resulting from prolonged exposure to supraphysiological levels of glucocorticoids. Cushing’s Disease is the most frequent cause of endogenous CS. This disease has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and is associated with an increased morbi-mortality. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and hypokalemic alkalosis affects up to 50 and 10% of CS patients respectively. Disease onset and severity reflects the magnitude of...

Functional hypogonadism has been described in association with acute severe medical or surgical illness, subacute recovery and chronic disease. We present a case of transitory hypogonadism manifested during a peri-surgical period. A 42-year-old patient was sent to the endocrinology clinic due to hypertension and a solitary adrenal mass. He was treated with bisoprolol and telmisartan, that he maintains until today. The evaluation favoured non-functional adenoma but during the f...

Introduction: Amiodarone is a well-established antiarrhythmic drug frequently used in tachyarrhythmias. Side effects include hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Extreme cases such as myxedematous and thyrotoxic crisis are very uncommon. Here we report one case of each of these presentations.Case Report no.1: A 73-year-old woman with history of atrial fibrillation under treatment with amiodarone presented to the emergency department with headache, nausea ...

Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in non-endemic areas and antithyroid drugs are the preferred first-line therapy in many centers. The aim of this retrospective investigation was to verify the association of remission with the achievement of normal TSH and free-T4 during the first 18 months of treatment and to compare it with negative anti-TSH-receptor antibodies at 18 months, a marker with known prognostic value. All patients diagnosed with Grav...